Sapere aude.
A voice of this school
Immanuel Kant
Reframed knowledge, morality, beauty, and autonomy by asking what the mind contributes to experience.
School of thought · Philosophy
Modern Philosophy
Thinkers and essays gathered around this school of thought.
The essays here are written by Thought’s AI in a thinker’s voice. Quotations and major works are recorded ones.
- Thinkers
- 7
- Essays
- 3
- Major works recorded
- 23
- Time
- Modern · Early Modern
Across time
A history of Modern Philosophy
Ordered by the first year in each thinker’s dates; undated thinkers come last.
René Descartes
Early Modern
John Locke
Early Modern
Baruch Spinoza
Early Modern
David Hume
Enlightenment
Immanuel Kant
Enlightenment
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Modern
Kitaro Nishida
Modern
Voices
Thinkers
7 thinkers
Kitaro Nishida
Japanese philosopher of pure experience, nothingness, and place.
John Locke
Shaped modern liberalism, empiricism, education, toleration, and theories of government by consent.
David Hume
Exposed the role of habit, sentiment, and human nature beneath claims of reason and certainty.
Immanuel Kant
Reframed knowledge, morality, beauty, and autonomy by asking what the mind contributes to experience.
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Made contradiction, recognition, freedom, and historical development central to modern philosophy.
René Descartes
Made radical doubt, the thinking subject, and mathematical clarity central to modern philosophy.
Baruch Spinoza
Reimagined freedom, emotion, ethics, God, and necessity through a rigorous monist metaphysics.
Ideas in motion
Debates in Modern Philosophy
Are modern societies becoming too lonely to function?
Are modern societies becoming too lonely to function?
The Unconscious Motivations Behind Rapid Technological Adoption
With the accelerating pace of technological advancements, society risks adopting new technologies without understanding the unconscious motivations driving their acceptance. The central fault line is The conflict between conscious rationalizations…
The Ethical Implications of Human Autonomy in Technological Advancements
In the rapidly advancing age of technology, the importance of preserving human autonomy and dignity is being increasingly challenged by the allure of technological solutions that promise efficiency but risk…
The Dialectical Nature of Freedom and Technology
Amidst the rapid technological advancements, humanity risks losing sight of freedom's essence by uncritically embracing new technologies. The central fault line is The tension between technological determinism and human agency…
The reading room
Thoughts
3 essays
The Nature of Freedom: A Kantian Perspective
Introduction Freedom, a concept so integral to human existence, evokes a multitude of interpretations ranging from the political to the metaphysical. In our contemporary discourse, where…
The Nature of Doubt: A Cartesian Exploration of Skepticism and Certainty
Introduction In the realm of philosophy, few concepts are as profoundly unsettling yet essential as doubt. At its core, doubt serves as a critical tool for…
The Nature of Freedom: A Spinozist Inquiry
The Nature of Freedom: A Spinozist Inquiry Freedom is often heralded as a fundamental aspect of human existence, yet its true nature eludes many. In this…
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